Russell A. Kirsch

Russell A. Kirsch (1929) led a team of colleagues in creating America’s first internally programmable computer, the Standards Eastern Automatic Computer (SEAC), capable of scanning digital images in 1957. SEAC produced a photograph of Kirsch’s three month old son in a mere 176 pixels, measuring 5x5cm.[1] Because of this breakthrough, satellite imaging, CAT scans, bar codes, and desktop publishing were made possible.[2]

Contents

Background

Education

Russell A. Kirsch went to school at the Bronx High School of Science and graduated in 1946. He continued his education at New York University in 1950, Harvard University in 1952, and later the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[2]

Personal life

Russell is married to Joan (née Levin) Kirsch. He has spent most of his professional life in Washington, D.C. where he was affiliated with the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology) for nearly 50 years. Russell is retired and lives in Portland, Oregon.[3] They use computer programming to examine paintings and define the process by which they were created. Their son Walden now works for Intel in the Communications department.[4]

Career

Kirsch has held a long time standing at the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). During his career at the NBS, Kirsch and his team of colleagues, Wright, Shupe and Cooper, founded America’s first internally programmable computer.[1] This internal memory greatly increased the power of processing for future inventions. Years later, the team constructed a drum scanner to “trace variations of intensity over the surfaces of photographs.” They used the computer to extract line drawings, count objects, recognize types of characters and produce oscilloscope displays.[5] Later in life, he became the director of research of the Sturvil Corporation and a past Advisory Editor of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). He is currently the Advisory Editor of the journal, Languages of Design.[6]

Accomplishments

Due to the importance of the first digital photograph, in 2003 Life magazine credited this image as one of the “100 Photographs That Changed the World.” [5] Although Kirsch did not work for NASA, his invention led to increased technology crucial to the 1960s space explorations, including the Apollo moon landing. Without the ability to scan digital photographs from a camera, we would not have today’s images of planets, the sun, earth’s surface and much more. Medical advancements such as Sir Godfrey Hounsfield’s CAT scan can also be attributed to Kirsch’s research.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b Kirsch, Russell. “Computer Development at the National Bureau of Standards.” National Bureau of Standards. n. pag. Web. 31 March 2010.
  2. ^ a b Gualtieri, J. “Russell A. Kirsch: What We Did and Should Have Done in the Past Half Century of Computing.” Information Science and Technology Colloquium Series. NASA. 16 April 2008. Web. 31 March 2010.
  3. ^ Ehrenberg, Rachel (2010-06-28). "Square Pixel Inventor Tries to Smooth Things Out". Wired News. http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/06/smoothing-square-pixels/. Retrieved 1 July 2010. 
  4. ^ Jones-Bey, Hassaun. "Digital Imaging Turns 50." Laser Focus World Jul. 2007: 46-46. Print.
  5. ^ a b c Newman, Michael. “Fiftieth Anniversary of First Digital Image Marked.” NIST Tech Beat. n.p. 24 May 2007. Web. 31 March 2010.
  6. ^ Kirsch, Russell. "Russell A. Kirsch." SEAC and the Start of Image Processing at the National Bureau of Standards . National Bureau of Standards, n.d. Web. 31 Mar 2010.